Introduction to Doxycycline
Doxycycline is a versatile antibiotic belonging to the tetracycline class of medications. It works by inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria, making it effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Its broad-spectrum activity makes it valuable for treating various bacterial infections.
Common Bacterial Infections
Respiratory Tract Infections
- Pneumonia: Effective against atypical bacteria like Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- Bronchitis: Used when bacterial infection is suspected
- Sinusitis: Particularly useful for antibiotic-resistant cases
Skin and Soft Tissue Infections
- Acne vulgaris: Reduces inflammation and P. acnes populations
- Rosacea: Helps reduce redness and inflammation
- Cellulitis: Effective against Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species
- Folliculitis
- MRSA infections
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)
- Chlamydia: First-line treatment
- Gonorrhea: Used in combination therapy
- Syphilis: Alternative for penicillin-allergic patients
For comprehensive STI treatment guidelines, visit the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Vector-Borne Diseases
Tick-Borne Illnesses
- Lyme Disease: Critical for early-stage treatment
- Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever: Reduces mortality when given promptly
- Ehrlichiosis and Anaplasmosis
Visit the CDC's dedicated page for more information on tick-borne diseases.
Other Medical Applications
Ophthalmic Conditions
"Doxycycline's anti-inflammatory properties make it particularly useful in treating certain eye conditions."
- Meibomian gland dysfunction
- Ocular rosacea
- Recurrent corneal erosion
Periodontal Disease
- Periodontitis
- Gingivitis
- Other gum infections
Malaria Prevention
Used as prophylaxis in regions with chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum. For travel health advice, consult the World Health Organization (WHO).
Important Considerations
Contraindications
- Pregnancy (especially after 15 weeks)
- Children under 8 years old
- Severe liver disease
Administration Guidelines
For optimal absorption, avoid taking doxycycline with:
- Dairy products
- Calcium supplements
- Iron supplements
- Antacids
Common Side Effects
- Photosensitivity
- Gastrointestinal upset
- Esophageal irritation
- Dental staining in developing teeth
For most infections, the typical adult dose is 100 mg every 12 hours or 200 mg once daily. Always complete the full course of treatment to prevent antibiotic resistance. For more detailed information, refer to MedlinePlus.