Introduction to Barbados
Barbados is a stunning island nation located in the eastern Caribbean Sea, known for its beautiful beaches, vibrant culture, and rich history. As one of the most popular tourist destinations in the region, it holds a unique geographical position in the Caribbean.
Geographical Location
Barbados is situated in the Lesser Antilles, lying approximately 100 miles (160 kilometers) east of the Windward Islands and the Caribbean Sea. The island is positioned at approximately 13.1939° N latitude and 59.5432° W longitude, making it the easternmost island in the Caribbean.
Neighboring Islands
- Saint Lucia: Located to the northwest, approximately 120 miles away
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: Situated to the west, about 100 miles from Barbados
- Trinidad and Tobago: Found to the southwest, roughly 250 miles away
Physical Characteristics
Size and Shape
- Total area: 432 square kilometers (167 square miles)
- Length: 34 kilometers (21 miles)
- Width: 23 kilometers (14 miles)
Terrain
The island's terrain features:
- Mount Hillaby - highest point at 336 meters (1,102 feet)
- Central highlands with a series of ridges
- Gentle slopes leading to coastal areas
- Coral limestone composition, contributing to fertile soil
Coastal Features
Western Coast ("Platinum Coast")
- Calm, crystal-clear waters
- White sandy beaches
- Protected bays perfect for swimming
- Popular tourist destinations like Holetown
Eastern Coast
- Rugged cliffs
- Stronger waves ideal for surfing
- Natural attractions like Bathsheba Beach
- Less developed landscape
Climate
Barbados experiences a tropical climate with two main seasons:
Dry Season (December to May)
- Average temperatures: 24-29°C (75-84°F)
- Lower rainfall
- Peak tourist season
Wet Season (June to November)
- Average temperatures: 25-31°C (77-88°F)
- Higher rainfall
- More humid conditions
The island lies outside the principal hurricane belt, making it less susceptible to hurricanes compared to other Caribbean islands.
Geological Formation
The accumulation of coral reefs over millions of years resulted in a foundation of limestone rock up to 90 meters thick in some areas.
Administrative Divisions
The island is divided into 11 parishes:
- Christ Church
- Saint Andrew
- Saint George
- Saint James
- Saint John
- Saint Joseph
- Saint Lucy
- Saint Michael
- Saint Peter
- Saint Philip
- Saint Thomas
Major Cities and Towns
The capital city, Bridgetown, is located in:
- Saint Michael Parish
- The southwestern coast
- A UNESCO World Heritage site
Other significant towns include Speightstown, Oistins, Holetown, and Bathsheba.
Environmental Considerations
The island faces several geographical challenges:
- Limited freshwater resources
- Coastal erosion
- Climate change impacts
- Urban development pressure
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