Key Dates and Deadlines
January Deadlines
- January 15: Fourth quarter estimated tax payments due for the previous tax year
- January 31: Employers must send W-2 forms to employees
- January 31: Businesses must distribute 1099 forms to contractors
Standard Filing Deadline
April 15 is traditionally known as Tax Day. This is the deadline for filing your federal income tax return and paying any taxes owed. If April 15 falls on a weekend or holiday, the deadline shifts to the next business day. For example, in 2023, Tax Day was April 18 due to the observance of Emancipation Day in Washington, D.C.
Quarterly Payment Dates
For those making quarterly estimated tax payments:
- April 15 (First quarter)
- June 15 (Second quarter)
- September 15 (Third quarter)
- January 15 of the following year (Fourth quarter)
Extension Options and October Deadline
If you need more time to file, you can request an automatic six-month extension using Form 4868. The extended deadline is typically October 15th.
Remember: An extension of time to file is NOT an extension of time to pay. You must estimate and pay any taxes owed by the original April deadline to avoid penalties and interest.
Special Circumstances
Natural Disaster Areas
The IRS often provides tax relief for those affected by natural disasters. Check the IRS disaster relief page for updates about extended deadlines in affected areas.
Military Personnel
Active duty military personnel serving in a combat zone typically receive automatic extensions and should consult the IRS military page for specific guidelines.
Common Tax Forms and Due Dates
| Form Type | Due Date | Description |
|---|---|---|
| W-2 | January 31 | Wage and tax statement |
| 1099-NEC | January 31 | Nonemployee compensation |
| 1099-MISC | January 31 | Miscellaneous income |
| 1098 | January 31 | Mortgage interest statement |
Consequences of Missing Deadlines
The IRS imposes various penalties for late filing and payment:
- Failure-to-file penalty: 5% of unpaid taxes per month (up to 25%)
- Failure-to-pay penalty: 0.5% of unpaid taxes per month (up to 25%)
- Interest charges on unpaid taxes from the due date until payment
Tips for Staying Organized
- Start gathering documents early
- Create a tax preparation checklist
- Set calendar reminders for important dates
- Keep accurate records of income, expenses, and deductions
- Consider using tax preparation software
- Consult with a tax professional if needed
Document Organization
Maintain organized records of:
- Income statements
- Expense receipts
- Investment documents
- Charitable contribution receipts
- Business records
Filing Options
- E-filing: The IRS offers a Free File program for eligible taxpayers
- Tax Software: Commercial software options provide guidance and e-filing capabilities
- Tax Professionals: Helpful for complex tax situations
For more information on tax filing and deadlines, visit the IRS website or consider setting up an IRS payment plan if you cannot pay the full amount owed by the deadline.