When to Visit the ER for High Blood Pressure

## Understanding High Blood Pressure High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, is a common condition where the force of blood against the artery walls is too high. According to the [American Heart Association](https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/high-blood-pressure/understanding-blood-pressure-readings), normal blood pressure is below 120/80 mm Hg. Hypertension is diagnosed when blood pressure readings consistently exceed 130/80 mm Hg. ## Blood Pressure Categories | Category | Systolic | Diastolic | |----------|----------|-----------| | Normal | Less than 120 | Less than 80 | | Elevated | 120-129 | Less than 80 | | Stage 1 Hypertension | 130-139 | 80-89 | | Stage 2 Hypertension | 140 or higher | 90 or higher | | Hypertensive Crisis | Higher than 180 | Higher than 120 | ## When to Seek Emergency Care ### 1. **Hypertensive Crisis** A hypertensive crisis occurs when blood pressure readings reach 180/120 mm Hg or higher. Symptoms may include: - Severe headache - Shortness of breath - Nosebleeds - Severe anxiety - Confusion or altered mental state - Vision problems - Seizures - Weakness or numbness on one side of the body If you experience these symptoms, seek emergency care immediately. The [Mayo Clinic](https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-pressure/in-depth/hypertensive-crisis/art-20046942) provides detailed information on hypertensive crises. ### 2. **Other Emergency Situations** Seek immediate medical attention if you experience: - Chest pain or discomfort - Difficulty breathing - Severe headache or vision changes - Nausea and vomiting - Dizziness or fainting ## Risk Factors to Consider Several factors can increase your risk of complications: * Age (over 65) * Existing heart conditions * Diabetes * Kidney disease * Pregnancy * History of stroke ## Managing High Blood Pressure To prevent emergencies and maintain healthy blood pressure: 1. Take medications as prescribed 2. Monitor blood pressure regularly 3. Follow a heart-healthy diet, such as the [DASH diet](https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/education/dash-eating-plan) 4. Reduce sodium intake 5. Exercise regularly 6. Maintain a healthy weight 7. Manage stress effectively ### Home Blood Pressure Monitoring Proper home monitoring can help identify concerning trends: * Use a validated device * Take readings at the same time daily * Sit quietly for 5 minutes before measuring * Take multiple readings and record results > **Important Note**: When in doubt about whether your situation is an emergency, it's better to err on the side of caution and seek immediate medical attention. ## After the ER Visit If you've experienced a hypertensive emergency: * Follow up with your primary care physician * Review and adjust medications as needed * Identify triggers that may have contributed * Create an action plan for future episodes * Consider wearing a medical alert bracelet For more information about blood pressure management, visit the [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention](https://www.cdc.gov/high-blood-pressure/index.html) website.

When to Visit the ER for High Blood Pressure

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