Introduction to Physical Therapy
Physical therapy is a rewarding career that involves helping patients improve their physical function, recover from injuries or illnesses, and manage pain. Physical therapists (PTs) work with individuals who have injuries, disabilities, or other health conditions that limit their ability to move and perform daily activities.
Educational Pathway
1. Bachelor's Degree (4 years)
While there is no specific undergraduate major required, students often choose health-related fields such as:
- Biology
- Exercise Science
- Kinesiology
- Health Sciences
- Psychology
During undergraduate studies, students must complete prerequisite courses for DPT programs, including:
- Anatomy and Physiology
- Chemistry
- Physics
- Biology
- Statistics
Preparing for DPT Programs
GRE Examination
Most DPT programs require the Graduate Record Examination (GRE). It's recommended to take this test at least one year before applying. You can find more information about the GRE at ETS.org.
Observation Hours
Programs typically require 50-100 observation hours under licensed PTs in various settings such as:
- Outpatient clinics
- Hospitals
- Sports facilities
- Rehabilitation centers
2. Doctor of Physical Therapy Program (3 years)
The DPT curriculum includes both classroom instruction and clinical experience:
Year 1
- Advanced anatomy
- Pathophysiology
- Basic patient care
- Movement science
Year 2
- Therapeutic techniques
- Clinical conditions
- Evidence-based practice
- Research methods
Year 3
- Clinical rotations
- Specialized treatments
- Professional development
- Board exam preparation
Licensing Requirements
After completing a DPT program, candidates must:
- Pass the National Physical Therapy Examination (NPTE)
- Apply for state licensure
- Complete any additional state-specific requirements
The NPTE is administered by the Federation of State Boards of Physical Therapy (FSBPT) and requires extensive preparation.
Total Timeline
Undergraduate degree: 4 years
DPT program: 3 years
Licensing process: 2-3 months
Optional residency: 1-2 years
----------------------------
Total: 7-9 years
Additional Certifications and Specializations
After becoming licensed, PTs may pursue specializations in areas such as:
- Orthopedic Physical Therapy
- Pediatric Physical Therapy
- Sports Physical Therapy
- Neurological Physical Therapy
- Geriatrics
Career Outlook and Opportunities
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, employment of physical therapists is projected to grow 18% from 2022 to 2032, much faster than average. PTs can work in various settings:
- Hospitals
- Outpatient clinics
- Rehabilitation centers
- Nursing homes
- Sports facilities
- Private practice
- Academic settings
- Research facilities
Continuing Education and Professional Development
Physical therapists must engage in continuing education to maintain licensure through:
- Workshops and seminars
- Online courses
- Professional conferences
Many PTs pursue advanced certifications through the American Board of Physical Therapy Specialties.
For more information on physical therapy education and careers, visit the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) website or the Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education (CAPTE) website.