Introduction to Occupational Therapy
Occupational therapy (OT) is a rewarding career that focuses on helping individuals achieve independence in all facets of their lives. As an occupational therapist, you work with people of all ages to improve their ability to perform tasks in their daily living and working environments.
High School Preparation
During high school years, aspiring OTs should focus on:
- Advanced science courses (Biology, Chemistry, Physics)
- Math courses
- Psychology
- Health-related electives
- Volunteer work in healthcare settings
Educational Pathway
1. Bachelor's Degree (4 years)
While there is no specific undergraduate major required, common choices include:
- Health Sciences
- Psychology
- Biology
- Kinesiology
- Exercise Science
Important tip: Maintain a strong GPA (typically 3.0 or higher) as graduate programs are competitive.
Prerequisites
Most graduate programs require specific prerequisite courses:
- Anatomy and Physiology
- Statistics
- Psychology
- Sociology
- Medical Terminology
- Biology
2. Graduate School Application Process
During your junior or senior year of undergraduate studies:
- Take the GRE
- Research accredited OT programs through AOTA
- Complete observation hours (typically 40-100 hours)
- Submit applications through OTCAS
- Prepare for interviews
3. Master's or Doctoral Degree (2-3 years)
Programs must be accredited by the Accreditation Council for Occupational Therapy Education (ACOTE).
Master's Program
- Typically takes about 2 years to complete
- Focuses on clinical skills and practical experience
- Prepares students for entry-level practice
Doctoral Program
- Usually takes 3 years
- Includes advanced coursework and a capstone project
- May offer more opportunities for specialization and leadership roles
4. Fieldwork Requirements
"Level II fieldwork must be completed within 24 months following completion of academic preparation." - AOTA
Two levels of fieldwork are required:
- Level I Fieldwork: Introduces students to the field and typically involves observation and basic interaction with clients
- Level II Fieldwork: Two 12-week experiences with full-time commitment and direct supervision by licensed OTs
Certification and Licensure
National Board Certification
- Pass the NBCOT exam
- Computer-based test with 170 multiple-choice questions
- Results available in 4-6 weeks
State Licensure
- Requirements vary by state
- Most states require:
- Completed accredited program
- Passed NBCOT exam
- Background check
- Application fee
Timeline Summary
High School → Bachelor's Degree (4 years) → Master's/Doctoral Program (2-3 years) →
Fieldwork → NBCOT Exam → State Licensure
Continuing Education and Career Advancement
After becoming licensed, occupational therapists can:
- Complete continuing education requirements
- Maintain state licensure
- Consider specialty certifications in areas such as:
- Pediatrics
- Geriatrics
- Hand Therapy
- Mental Health
- Pursue opportunities in:
- Management positions
- Private practice
- Teaching
- Research
- Consulting
For more detailed information on occupational therapy programs and certification, visit the American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA) website or the NBCOT website.